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The HORN International Institute for Strategic Studies is a non-profit, applied research and policy think-do tank focusing on research and providing evidence-based analysis and strategic interventions to address political, security, economic, and environmental challenges affecting the greater Horn of Africa region.
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Abstract The eruption of “Operation Epic Fury,” the joint United States–Israel campaign against Iran launched on February 28, 2026, has exposed a structural vulnerability that African states hosting foreign military bases can no longer ignore. Iran’s retaliatory strikes against US installations across nine Gulf states, none party to the conflict, demonstrate that hosting foreign military …
On 25 April 2026, jihadist armed group Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) and the Tuareg Azawad Liberation Front (FLA) launched coordinated attacks on urban centres and military installations in Mali.
The Horn of Africa and Great Lakes region has long hosted some of the largest refugee populations globally, a trend that continues amid persistent conflict, political instability, and climate-related displacement. As of 2024, the Horn and Great lakes region hosted close to 4 million refugees and asylum seekers, with countries such as Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, …
